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October 25, 2005

Praise Myself, O King of Heaven

     Several days ago I had some fun, on this site, imagining what will happen on that dread day when the Lord comes again and riffles through the modern Catholic hymnals.  How long, O Lord!  Even when a "traditional" song is included, the lyrics are so flattened, botched, castrated, and lobotomized that I'd almost prefer to sing On Turkey's Wings (you know, "I will raise you up on turkey's wings, la de da and la de da"). Apparently it was not enough that the revisers had to aspire to heresy -- they had to be lousy writers, too.  Here I'd like to show a little bit of what is to be found in something called Worship III.  I will juxtapose the original verse and the revised verse (revisions in italics), appending commentary:

Praise, My Soul, the King of Heaven

Praise, my soul, the King of Heaven;

To His feet thy tribute bring;

Ransomed, healed, restored, forgiven,

Evermore his praises sing:

Alleluia, alleluia! Praise the everlasting King.

REVISED: Praise, my soul, the king of heaven;

To the throne your tribute bring;

Ransomed, healed, restored, forgiven,

Evermore God's praises sing, etc.

     The contemptible suppression of the masculine pronoun makes hash of the second line.  The revisers (smarter than Jesus) could not refer to "the feet" without identifying whose -- so they altered the sense entirely.  A line of frank humility is now rendered vague; instead of laying our tribute at the feet of the King, we just sashay up to the throne.  Also, if the King is the same person as God, then he is most appropriately identified by a pronoun.  To ditch the pronoun is to loosen the grammatical and rhetorical connection between the King and God.  Maybe the theological connection, too -- because the revisers (who are smarter than Jesus, I must remember) do not want us to have in our minds any sharp image of a King, which must invariably be masculine.

Verse two: Praise him for his grace and favor

To our fathers in distress;

Praise him still the same as ever,

Slow to chide and swift to bless:

Alleluia, alleluia! Glorious in his faithfulness.

REVISED: Praise the Lord for grace and favor

To all people in distress,

Praise God, still the same as ever,

Slow to chide and swift to bless.

Alleluia, alleluia! Glorious now God's faithfulness.

     Here the suppression of the masculine pronoun severs this stanza from the previous -- for the pronoun is a powerful linking device.  It also obscures whose grace and favor we are talking about; not just any old grace and favor that God happens to give, but his grace and favor.  The original is direct and personal: we are meant to think of particular graces that God has shed upon our fathers (a scriptural allusion, that), and we are reminded that God, who does not change, will grant us the same grace.  The revision botches it -- "all people" in distress is impersonal, and makes no sense of the following lines.  The last line is the dumbest of all.  In the original, "glorious" is grammatically parallel with "slow" and "swift": it interprets and sums up God's treatment of our fathers, and of us.  He is "slow to chide and swift to bless," and thus "glorious in his faithfulness."  The revision destroys the parallelism and the climax.  Its last line is a sentence fragment, unconnected grammatically to anything in the verse.  And what on earth is that absurd adverb now doing there, other than to fill up a syllable in the meter?  What, was God's faithfulness not glorious yesterday?

Verse 3: Father-like he tends and spares us;

Well our feeble frame he knows;

In his hand he gently bears us,

Rescues us from all our foes.

Alleluia, alleluia! Widely yet his mercy flows.

REVISION: Father-like, God tends and spares us,

Well our feeble frame he knows;

Mother-like, God gently bears us,

Rescues us from all our foes.

Alleluia, alleluia! Widely yet God's mercy flows.

     The revisers (informed by an undisclosed Fourth Person of the Quaternity) know that it is just as valid to refer to God as Mother as it is to refer to him as Father, regardless of the quaint poetry of some Jewish carpenter.  Their revision, ironically, destroys the intimacy of the third line, for in order to shoehorn that "mother" in there they had to suppress the consoling Scriptural image of the hand of God.  The "he" in the second line, the only masculine pronoun in the entire revision, is clearly allowed a free pass only because the revisers happen to be talking about God as a father there -- not as The Father.  That, of course, suggests that to call God "Father" is only to use a figure of speech. 

Verse 4: Angels, help us to adore him;

Ye behold him face to face;

Sun and moon, bow down before him,

Dwellers in all time and space.

Alleluia, alleluia! Praise with us the God of grace.

REVISED: Angels in the heights adoring,

You behold God face to face;

Saints triumphant now adoring,

Gathered in from every race.

Alleluia, alleluia, et cetera.

     Lacking the masculine pronoun as the direct object of "adore," the first line is left senseless and ungrammatical -- you cannot, in English, just be "adoring".  Adoring what, or whom?  The revisers (wiser than the Offspring of God) could not, this time, write in "God" for "him," without giving their whitewash away completely.  The point of the original is that the angels can help us to adore God, because they see him face to face.  Now clearly the heavenly image in the third and fourth lines would have to be ditched, because you've got no rhyme for "adoring" that would fit the sun and moon.  So the revisers (more eloquent than that old spinner of parables, What's-His or Her Name) simply threw the lines out altogether, and landed back on earth with a bump, apparently not understanding the purpose of the first two lines, while smuggling in a bit of comforting topical politics.  Not that the revisers seem to have been thinking hard about heaven -- otherwise they would not have written "in the heights".  Is there then a hilltop in heaven?  In Scripture, the "heights of Heaven" refers to the angels themselves.  But I may be mistaken about that: I am not smarter than Jesus, as the revisers are.

     Finally, I am troubled by the hypocrisy of these revisers and the pastors who celebrate the Worship III hymnal.  It promises to be a cold winter, like last year's, and with oil prices soaring, many families in the northeast will be hard pressed to heat their homes.  Some will huddle around a poor stove in the kitchen; some are without common necessaries, sir.  At this season especially it behooves us to think of them, and to provide some little assistance.  What a scandal it is, that those people should tremble in the cold, while all along such an excellent supply of fuel sits idle in Catholic (and, I daresay, Protestant) churches across this rich land?  Nor would it be a novel use for Worship III.  I have it on good authority that it is already being so used, and to good effect, in a certain unknown southern region (whose existence has been called into question by many a smart theologian), on account of the remarkable property of generating heat while never, in any material or spiritual reaction, shedding light.

Posted by Anthony Esolen at 02:53 PM | Permalink

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Comments

Tony, I am disappointed. You failed to mention in the very first line that the "translators" failed to be consistent by not changing "King of Heaven" to "Heav'nly Ruler." If they say "King," then "He" they must use. Of course, "Praise, My Soul, the Heavn'ly Ruler" makes for a bad "title," doesn't it?

Posted by: Jim Kushiner | Oct 25, 2005 4:22:00 PM

Yes, Heavn'ly Ruler doesn't quite measure up.

Posted by: Fr Joseph Huneycutt | Oct 25, 2005 5:00:56 PM

I dare to observe that the revision of the third verse is even worse than Mr. Esolen described: In the context of the "hand" image, the verb "bears" means one thing; in the context of "Mother-like," it means something completely different, and more or less heretical.

Posted by: David | Oct 25, 2005 9:57:51 PM

I think you're too concerned about this. It's just a hymn, for pete's sake!
Now, I'm no theologian, but just because God occupied a male body at one point doesn't mean his soul is male. By definition, being male or female just means you have a body of one gender or the other.
In short... Let it go, louie!

Posted by: mrs bonner | Oct 25, 2005 10:25:28 PM

Note as well that it is under "Mother-like" that He "rescues us from all our foes." With all due respect to Mom, whose heart would certainly be in the effort, when beset by foes I think I'd prefer that my father be the one coming to the rescue. But perhaps these days kids brag that "my mom can beat up your dad" (or, in extreme cases, "my mom can beat up BOTH your moms!")

Posted by: Joe Long | Oct 26, 2005 9:21:53 AM

Mrs. Bonner, you're right, it's clear you are no theologian. God did not "occupy a male body at one point." The second person of the Trinity, God the Son, became a god-man, fully god and fully man, two natures united in one person. And so he remains to this day, in a glorified body such as all of us are meant to have at the last day.

And this same god-man taught us to address the first person of the trinity as "Father".

Posted by: Matthias | Oct 26, 2005 11:01:36 AM

"It's just a hymn, for pete's sake!"

But it's often the hymns more than the sermons that create the theology of those of us in the pews. Because we don't pay close attention to the truth of the words we sing, they permeate our minds and create ideas and beliefs that we are not consciously aware of. It's like literature -- reading stories influences us much more deeply than we realize. (Films probably even more so because of the power of image.) That to which we pay the least attention as we imbibe it will have the greatest influence.

That's why it's important to have folk like Tony reminding us to really listen -- so we can exercise a godly discernment and not be drawn to falsehood without knowing how it happened.


Posted by: Beth | Oct 26, 2005 11:20:44 AM

David,

Holy cow (or steer), you are absolutely right! "Bears" suddenly becomes ridiculously ambiguous.

You ought to see what they did to For All the Saints.

Mrs. Bonner, ma'am, with all respect, you don't draw a moustache on the Mona Lisa. And if Jesus and all the prophets referred to God as "he," then I'll be damned, and I'm not using a figure of speech, if I don't submit and follow their example. I bet -- I just bet -- there's more to that "he" than we on earth can ever know.

Posted by: Tony | Oct 26, 2005 12:27:39 PM

One of my all time favorites, by the way, is an "inclusive" butchering of The Church's One Foundation: the lines "though with a scornful wonder / men see her sore oppressed" was changed to "though with a scornful wonder / WE see her sore oppressed". The editors carefully made "us" the ones who are scornful of the church. Freudian slip, anyone?

Posted by: Matthias | Oct 26, 2005 12:48:32 PM

Unfortunately, the PC virus is rife in the Catholic hymnal business - from the Oregon Catholic Press to GIA to Worship to whatever, the new sensitivity and the new theology have established themselves. Even "contemporary" songs such as some of those written by the St. Louis Jesuits have been revised to be more pleasing and less "offensive" to the easily put-off. It is a tragedy.

And it's also been done to the Bible. Next: Shakespeare - and then a wholesome revision of the entire corpus of English and American literature. Why not?

Posted by: Dan Crawford | Oct 26, 2005 3:50:38 PM

We want to make a distinction between "male and female" and "masculine and feminine." The former ("sex") is biological, and implies embodiedness; the latter ("gender") is not biological per se. God the Son is male, in that He became incarnate "and was made man." God the Father is not "male," not being embodied; but not to have sex is not necessarily the same as not to have gender. It is a feminist commonplace that the difference between men and women is purely biological: but must Christians believe this? Must gender be nothing more than a useful linguistic fiction?

Regarding the rewriting of hymns, at least you still have a King... I always test how far gone a mainline Protestant hymal is by examining its reinterpretation of "Be Thou My Vision." Most of us have replaced our "High King of Heaven" with "Great God" of the same. This may work a bit better as a blasphemy, if one goes in for that sort of thing, but it is rather less effective as an invocation, not to mention creating a distance from the ancient Celtic Christians who wrote the hymn in the first place. Hm... that seems discriminatory, actually. Maybe I can appeal to Rowan Williams' alleged druid connections to get it changed back....

Anyone who is annoyed, angered, irritated, saddened, or generally has his irascible faculty brought to the surface by this sort of hymnological revisionism will almost certainly enjoy an introduction John Wesley wrote for a hymnal containing works by himself and his brother Charles, among others. You can find it here: http://www.ccel.org/w/wesley/hymn/jw.html#preface I mean in particular the 1780 Preface, paragraph 7.

I was once told that this preface is still printed somewhere in the early pages of the United Methodist hymnal. If so, it is clear that whoever insists on reprinting it there has never managed to convince the other hymnal-compilers to actually read it.

Posted by: firinnteine | Oct 26, 2005 6:40:55 PM

Autobiography of Lord Jesus Christ???????
www.ithysaviour.com

Posted by: Alicia Wong | Oct 26, 2005 9:34:12 PM

They're going to revise SHAKESPEARE? Please, Dan, say you jested! The Women's Studies department and its undead black-cloaked messengers cannot prevail! At least with the gender inclusive Bible garbage there were some vaguely plausible excuses relating to translation of words like anthropos (that was not a defense of the gender inclusive Bible, don't all attack me at once!), but mangling Shakespeare, which can further no political or religious ends and in which translation is no excuse at all... those blasted orcs, destroying things just for fun...

Posted by: ladyluthien | Oct 26, 2005 10:13:27 PM

It's not just gender that they butcher in their hymnal "revisions." Anyone heard that awful rendering of Amazing Grace:

"Amazing grace, how sweet a sound that saved a soul like me..."

By taking out the word wretch, they have taken away both the masculinity and the feminity of man -- that is, our humanity. If we were not wretches, then surely Christ would not have had to die on a tree to save us. He could have saved us a seat on the couch at Starbucks instead, or some such thing.

More offensive than all of this, though, is the blatant disregard people pay to the Catholic liturgy when they say, "...to the praise and glory of GOD'S name, for our good and the good of all THIS church." (May HE forgive us our presumptuousness).

Posted by: Daniel P | Oct 27, 2005 6:34:15 AM

Ah, to only have to complain about the loss of masculine pronouns! You're lucky to not have people desperately trying to rid the hymn of all that patriarchal and colonialist "King" language!

Posted by: Erik Nelson | Oct 27, 2005 2:58:12 PM

Ah, it does my heart good to hear that I am not alone!

My Protestant brethren: would you forward to me the names of the worst offenders among the modern hymnals? I mean both the hymns themselves and the hymnals that contain them. I have a project up my sleeve ...

Also, I'm familiar with the Episcopal hymnal of 1940, and its semi-wretched revision of 1982 (it included many very fine hymns that are absent from 1940; but it was already well on its way to neutering the language). I'm also familiar with the old Presbyterian hymnal of around 1950, and the standard Lutheran hymnal from the same time, and the old Army-Navy hymnal. But what others would you recommend?

Posted by: Tony | Oct 29, 2005 10:46:18 AM

Daniel P., even singing the original words to the tune of "Gilligan's Island" is better than that. (If you haven't tried it, it fits perfectly.)

I can't figure out why a couple of the professors here at the seminary are intent on using modern English in the Liturgy. They either don't realize or don't care that there is a rich tradition of liturgical English from which to draw. Granted, they weren't there in ECUSA to see the theological changes between the 1928 and the "modernized" 1979 Books of Common Prayer, but it is still very grating to my ear to hear "you who" language in Liturgy. After a lively discussion with my liturgics professor one day on the issue, I finally told him that I'd make him a deal: I would use modern English in Liturgy when he started using modern Greek. Funny, though, that as much as they try to use street English in the Liturgy, they still can't get away from saying, "Our Father, who art in heaven..."

Posted by: Peter C. | Oct 31, 2005 7:39:17 AM

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