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May 09, 2008
The House of Lords, American-Style
In a recent online discussion of the foibles of academics (many of the participants in which were themselves of that persuasion) Professor Esolen made this comment:
I can divide academics into two groups -- and these do cross the political divide. There are those who know that academics can be a bunch of weenies, and those who are actually surprised that anybody would think of them as less than the natural rulers of the universe. It's as if they'd never entertained the suspicion that they aren't as smart as they think they are.
This made me recall The Admirable Crichton, which I saw as a boy. The play showed an upper-class British family marooned on a desert island with their servants, among whom is the butler Crichton. The pater familias attempts to assert his customary authority, but finds the accomplishments of a plump and well-served toff unequal to the situation's requirements. The necessity of survival brings forward the highly competent butler as the natural ruler. At the end of the play Crichton is the master, and his former lord, a servant. This is meant, I presume, to poke fun at the British upper class, but the point it makes goes deeper than that, and applies to comment above, in which Tony indicates the typical academic is like that British lord: too narrow, and frankly, too ignorant, to relate intelligently or usefully to the world outside his well-financed and well-fenced boundaries.
If I were to make a general rule to address this situation it would be that no one should be given the opportunity to master specificities until he has shown competence in generalities, which would mean in the case of prospective savants that they should not be allowed to take a Ph.D. until they can wash their own clothing, make their own bread, and do five years' self-supporting labor (ten years for candidates in the arts and humanities) among those the academy encourages them to view as objects of pity or disdain.
In the United States, much of the class system the Founders hoped to leave behind has been transferred to the academy. It is typically American in that it is, at least in theory, meritocratic. But, in its decline, especially, it carries every bit of the iron-bound exclusivity, narrowness, injustice, and power to harm that its denizens so typically allege of other entrenched social aristocracies.
Along these lines I observe that the two remaining Democratic contenders for the U.S. President’s office have ineluctably become, despite their attempts to appear "of the people," the most prominent examples of this aristocracy's pity and disdain. One would think the Republican nominee well-advised simply to play himself while Senator Obama struggles hopefully up from slavery and Mrs. Clinton continues to fight hard for lil’ old cookie-bakers like herself.
They are both, in their own ways, members of the nobility, coming to it in good American fashion through Harvard and Yale. This would not necessarily put them in bad odor with their constituents, except that in the fashion of their ideological kind they assume the stupidity of all lesser beings, and have been playing accordingly to the serfs historically attached to the Democratic manor. They would have done better without the proletarian pretension--an embarrassingly obvious mark of the elitist out for votes--but it’s too late for that now. We're too far along in the play.
Posted by S. M. Hutchens at 12:06 PM | Permalink
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I object. The House of Lords serves a very useful function under the British Constitution, as the Brits will find out after the Labourites have finished eviscerating it. And most Lords know that they have rather limited mental capacities, which is one reason why they stand so firmly on tradition: they need the backing of centuries of dead ancestors to guide them.
The British Lord knows his position is due to accident of birth. He may be a snob, but it's a rather harmless snobbery rooted in supposed superiority of blood. It also has a corollary of service--"Noblesse oblige, and all that, wot?"
The American Academic, on the other hand, believes his superiority is one of merit. He knows he's the smartest guy in the room, and he believes there are no limits to the scope of his intellect. Therefore, he relies on nobody but himself, he scoffs at tradition, he seeks to break down barriers and expand horizons, even if he doesn't know where he is going.
Like the Lord, the Academic is also a snob, but his is a virulent snobbery based on presumed intellectual superiority over the hoi polloi. He has no faith in the common man and in common sense. Being self-invented, he is solipsistic: the world began on his birthday, and will probably end the day he dies. Therefore, he is constantly and breathlessly discovering the commonplace and imposing his wisdom on situations which mankind has been handling for aeons.
Finally, because his superiority is one of merit, the academic has no sense of obligation to anyone. Despite all the talk about serving humanity, at the bottom he is in it for himself, and he determines his positions (as opposed to his principles) based on what's in it for him. Because he lives in the airy-fairy world of ideas, the dichotomy between his beliefs and his actions does not bother him, because virtue is determined by thinking the right thoughts, not by doing the right thing.
As I have said before, I will take an aristocracy of blood over an aristocracy of merit any day of the week.
Posted by: Stuart Koehl | May 9, 2008 12:53:45 PM
So would I. The lord with half a grain of sense knows that his groom may be smarter than he is, and not just better with horses. The academic is protected from all such salubrious knowledge.
But Steve is using "House of Lords" facetiously; I don't think there's any real disagreement between him and Stuart. What I'd really like to see is a Chicago-style analysis of the academy, in terms of economics and power-relationships...
Posted by: Tony Esolen | May 9, 2008 1:09:08 PM
I think Mr. Hutchens's plan, although superficially appealing, would end up being rather inimical to the family, perhaps the most important criterion by which to judge any policy. (I think Dr. Esolen would agree with me there.) It it fails to take into account two facts: the low stipends of TAs and the difficulty of the academic job market after Ph.D. completion.
A student who enters grad school at thirty-two and completes his studies at thirty-eight would likely not find permanent gainful employment until after forty, maybe even not until his mid-forties. Most such students today(not condoning their actions, just noting human nature) would likely put off marriage and family until they were financially secure, and the result would be greater pre-marital sex, contraception use, and one-child families, all things endemic enough among the upper classes as it is.
Our hypothetical student could marry and start a family during his self-supporting labor phase, of course (after all, most lifetime self-supporting laborers do so), but the spectre of future poverty would probably inhibit him. Who wants his income cut in half just as his first child hits junior high age? The minority of present-day grad students who do enter grad school at an older age already struggle with these problems, and of course many are able to overcome them successfully, but extending these problems to all grad students does not strike me as a good idea.
Posted by: James Kabala | May 9, 2008 2:07:00 PM
My ancestors came to this country in large part because they were very, very tired of living under an aristocracy of blood, and were attracted to the idea that in America one had to earn the right, in the face of his community, to command other men.
The problem with the universities is precisely that they have become a new aristocracy of blood, where sex, ethnicity, sexual orientation, religion (viz., lack of orthodox Christianity) and the like--things that have nothing to do with academic merit--have now become of decisive importance. The modern members of my clan have the same dislike of things like Affirmative Action that we had of old for whipping off our hats before an eight year old Marquis. It's not the removal of hats that's the problem; it's the worthiness of the person honored. Someone has to stand for the principle that saluting the uniform, although a reasonable practical measure, is not the end of human striving in these matters.
One needn't fash oneself, Mr. Kabala, about the sufferings of the family in any place where I could give the order above. It would be sustained very nicely by the Big Rock Candy Mountain.
Posted by: smh | May 9, 2008 3:51:44 PM
I'm not sure I understand the post above, but at least I learned a new word ("fash").
Posted by: James Kabala | May 9, 2008 7:58:02 PM
>>>"fash"<<<
It's Scots for "bother" or "concern". Dinna fash yeself, laddie.
Posted by: Stuart Koehl | May 9, 2008 8:05:55 PM
I'd guess that trying to support a family of 4 on a TA's income probably grounds the candidate well enough.
Posted by: James | May 9, 2008 8:25:20 PM
>>What I'd really like to see is a Chicago-style analysis of the academy, in terms of economics and power-relationships...
This must be sealed up, and not written, until the day of wrath is visited upon them.
Posted by: DGP | May 9, 2008 8:57:07 PM
I invite anybody interested in more thoroughly grounding academics in the real world to examine Deep Springs College. Its students aren't choirboys*, but they do learn how to get things done by simultaneously running a partly self-supporting ranch and studying tough academic subjects. Also, the students are the administration: they hire the faculty, they review student applications. Tuition is free.
Currently the student body is male only. The current consensus among students is that the Deep Springs program should be open to both sexes, but this would require either somehow expanding the ranch to twice its size or finding another ranch in a similar setting (isolated, but well watered) to form a women's college.
*The usual quota of adultery, lust, anger, etc., modified by the need for everyone to keep the ranch working.
Posted by: Jenny Islander | May 9, 2008 9:54:45 PM
>>>>What I'd really like to see is a Chicago-style analysis of the academy, in terms of economics and power-relationships...
This must be sealed up, and not written, until the day of wrath is visited upon them.
<<<
What I would like to see would be a tracing of the historical behavior of academics. It would have to be rooted in church history because the Church created the academy. I know very little about this, but, in my opinion, it seems that Heloise and Abelard were each exemplars of this sort of weenie-ness. (Although, the bit of involuntary surgery Abelard underwent seemed to do him a world of good. However, I wouldn't want to recommed this as a global solution.)
Stuart, any thoughts?
Posted by: Bobby Neal Winters | May 10, 2008 7:53:15 AM
I have nearly followed Dr. Hutchens recommendations for academics. I have spent four years now in construction part-time to pay my way through college and supplement my first year of teaching at a junior college. I have had to wash my own clothes before and cook my own meals. I have yet to learn to make bread though, but my grandmother taught me to make a good apple pie. Perhaps I should learn to make bread before going to Mizzou this fall for Graduate School in Math.
From this side of things, I see the good of Dr. Hutchens recommendation. In addition to putting me in touch with the sorts of people commonly despised by academics, and seeing the good in their ways of life, I have gained confidence such that I do not fear to fail in the academy. For if I should fail, I could go back to work in construction. This also allows me not to concern myself with following the spirit of the age, for I do not need to in order to feed myself, my family, etc.
Posted by: Josiah A. Roelfsema | May 10, 2008 4:46:55 PM
Josiah,
Do you know what your classes will be?
Posted by: Bobby Neal Winters | May 10, 2008 6:30:14 PM
Dr. Winters,
I haven't officially enrolled in classes yet, but I think I will be in Applied Analysis, Complex Var. I, and Abs. Algebra I. I am supposed to teach as well, but the class has not yet been determined. It will likely be a 5 cr. hour College Alg. course.
Posted by: Josiah A. Roelfsema | May 12, 2008 3:12:45 PM
I am an engineer. I used to think think that engineering was not subject to the same flights from reality by academics that other fields are. No longer.
I work for a large contractor as an operations/research support engineer. I have occasionally worked on projects which included postdocs in engineering. The engineering postdocs have seemed only tenuously moored to reality.
I once told a postdoc (PhD, Stanford) that his scheme for controlling a robotic system could not be implemented. The hydraulics powering the system simply would not support it and it would be potentially dangerous (this was an ammunition handling system). He looked at me with absolute contempt. How dare I, master's degree from Podunk U., question the bringer of promethean fire.
Another time a postdoc designed an stand that was not buildable as designed. I offered to bring him to the fabrication shop so he could understand why. Not a flicker of interest.
Some of our work is in the nuclear field. A coworker was at a nuclear conference talking to a soon to be nuclear engineering PhD with a dissertation in nuclear fuel. He asked her if she was going to go to work at nuclear fuel fabricator or perhaps a national laboratory doing nuclear fuels testing. She replied, "there's nothing to learn at those places."
She doesn't even begin to understand the scope of the problem of developing and testing nuclear fuels if that is her understanding. Unfortunately she will either become a professor or hold a regulatory post secure that she knows all there is to be known about her topic without a whit of hands on experience
Posted by: jb chesser | May 12, 2008 4:24:15 PM
Josiah,
MIZZOU?!?
That's where I go. We should hang out sometime. Are you living in Columbia yet?
Posted by: Ethan C. | May 12, 2008 4:31:08 PM
Mr. Chesser,
I knew there had to be some explanation for how NASA ended up with folks who forget to convert imperial to metric. :)
Posted by: Ethan C. | May 12, 2008 4:35:19 PM
Ethan,
We won't be up there until August, but then I'd be glad to take up your offer. We're still trying to find a house, get settled, etc.
Posted by: Josiah A. Roelfsema | May 12, 2008 4:43:44 PM








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